Pasman Island

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General

An island in the Zadar archipelago southeast of the island of Ugljan, separated from it by a narrow strait called Zdrelac; area 56.9 sq km (length 21.1 km, width up to 4.1 km); population 3,349; highest peak Bokolj (272 m). In the west the island is composed of Cretaceous limestone, in the east of dolomites, with a small zone of fertile sandy deposits. The limestone zone is partly covered with underbrush, while the dolomite and sandy zones are under vineyards and vegetable gardens. The steep western coast is indented with numerous coves, well protected from the bora (especially in the south-eastern part). Larger coves include Polaca, Taline, Triluke, Landin, Soline and Kablin. All places on the island are situated along the less indented eastern coast: Tkon, Kraj, Pasman, Mrljane, Nevidane, Dobropoljana, Banj and Zdrelac. Chief occupations are farming, growing of vines, olives, fruit and vegetables, livestock breeding, fishing and tourism. The regional road runs along the entire island. Ferry lines with Biograd na Moru.

The island has been populated since the prehistoric times (Illyrian hill-fort, Roman finds - Pasman, Banj). Along the cove of Sveti Ante (St. Anthony) on the south-western coast is a small, pre-Romanesque one-nave church. From 1050 the island was owned by the Biograd diocese and from 1126 by the Zadar archdiocese. It was populated by the refugees who fled from the Turks.

Approaches

MALI ZDRELAC

The passage between the islands of Ugljan and Pasman connecting Zadarski kanal and Srednji kanal. The bridge across it has a vertical clearance of 16.5 m.

Approach: The fairway is marked by 7 coast lights and two triangular reflecting marks (red or green); the bridge piers (3m above sea-level) are painted in red or green reflecting colours (height about 1 m); they mark the sides of the passage (lateral system). Coming from Srednji kanal the starboard hand is marked by green towers (green flashes) and the port hand with red towers (red flashes); in the middle part of Zdrelac harbour, on the fairway axis (270m N of the bridge) is a cardinal mark (a black and yellow tower, white flashes) surmounted by two black cones points downwards keep S of the mark. Coming from Zadarski kanal, after passing the islet of Misnjak, steer for the red tower on a base in the sea (whitered sector light) some 150m off the chapel of Gospa od Sniga on Zaglav point and the green tower on a stone block in the sea (green light) on Artina point.

Warning: The speed limit in the passage is 8 knots. Anchoring, stopping and fishing is prohibited. Vessels coming from Zadarski kanal have right of way.

Mali Zdrelac passage is sheltered from all winds. Under the bridge the tidal currents may attain a rate of 4 knots.

ZZDRELAC

(44° 01' N; 15° 17'E), village (pop. 258 in 1991) and small harbour (Sv Luka) on the northernmost coast of Pasman.

Approach: Shape course for the chapel in the cemetery (E of the entrance) and the red column (former light) on the head of the breakwater.

NEVIANE

(43° 58.5'N; 15° 21'E), village (pop. 628 in 1991) and cove on the NE coast of Pasman.

Approach: Landmarks: the belfry and the houses in the olive groves, the red tower with a column and gallery (red light) on the head of the breakwater.

PASMAN

(43° 57.5'N; 15° 23.5'E), village (pop. 452 in 1991) and small harbour at the narrowest part of Pasmanski kanal.

Approach: Landmarks include the round green tower with an open framework structure (green light) on the head of the E breakwater and the belfry in Lucina cove, NE of the village. Entering and leaving harbour is difficult because of the strong currents at the entrance (see Pasmanski kanal).

TKON

(43° 55'N; 15° 25'E), village (pop. 752 in 1991) and small harbour on the SE coast of the island of Pasman.

Approach: Landmarks: the belfry and chapel with part of the monastery (90m above sea-level), NW of the village; on the head of the breakwater is a red tower with a column and gallery (red light).

Weather

The main characteristic of the Mediterranean climate is light winters, dry and warm summers. Average air temperature during the year is over 15°C , average air temperature during the warmest summer month of July is 24°C and in the coldest month of January 25°C. The number of days with temperature of 0°C is very low and there are about 16 days during the year with extremely high temperature. Air temperature in the most coldest winter month of January isn't lower than -3°C. Sunny days are also one of the most important characteristics of the climate of Ugljan and Pasman archipelago. Average number of yearly sunny hours is about 2.500 and in July there are 10-12 sunny hours per day. Kukljica has on average 106 days of clear sky . Cloudiness acts depressively on people, thus the element of sun exposure is of greatest importance for the tourists, which makes it a determinant element for choosing a vacation destination.

Snow is extremely rare on both islands, because air temperature rarely falls under 0°C. The northeastern wind is the strongest and it hits mostly the east coast of the island. The south wind or the refreshing landward breeze usually hit the west coast of the island. The northeastern wind, the south wind and the landward breeze are typical of the Zadar County. The frequency of the northeastern wind is highest during fall, winter and spring. The north wind is strongest in January, while the south wind dominates during the fall.

Sea temperatures throughout fall, winter and first days of spring are higher then air temperatures. The cooling effect of the sea is appreciated during the hottest days of the year. The sea does not warm up as fast as the coast, but looses warmth much slower, so that during winter times the sea is the reservoir of warmth that heats the air. Consequently, winters are lighter and warmer then on the coastal part of Zadar County. Average sea temperature during the year (12°C) is higher than average air temperature (14,12°C) . Minimum sea temperature is 10.8°C in February and maximum sea temperature 22.12°C in August. If we take that the sea temperature of 12°C is pleasant for bathing, then the bathing season in Kukljica could last up to 126 days, from the first week of June to the second week in October.

Marinas and Anchorages

ZZDRELAC

ZZDRELAC (44° 01' N; 15° 17'E), village and small harbour (Sv Luka) on the northernmost coast of Pasman.

Mooring: The harbour is a good all-round shelter. Yachts drawing up to 1.5m can moor at the mole. Good anchorage for vessels drawing less than 4 m

Facilities

• Post office.
• Provisions and water available.

NEVIANE

(43° 58.5'N; 15° 21'E), village and cove on the NE coast of Pasman. Sights: Adjoining the church of Gospa od Zdravlja (Our Lady of Salvation, 19 C) are the ruins of a church (1670); in the cemetery the ruins of Sv Mihovil church (St Michael, 990), W of the village is Sv Martin church (St Martin, 11 C, ruins).

Facilities

• Post office.
• Provisions and water available.

PASMAN

(43° 57.5'N; 15° 23.5'E), village and small harbour at the narrowest part of Pasmanski kanal. Mooring: The harbour is protected from all winds except the north-westerlies. The inner harbour is mainly occupied by local fishing boats. Smaller yachts can moor along the breakwater. Depth in the harbour 14 m.

Facilities

• Post office
• Medical service
• Provisions and water available

TKON

(43° 55'N; 15° 25'E), village and small harbour on the SE coast of the island of Pasman. Mooring: The harbour is protected from all winds and seas. Smaller vessels can moor along the breakwater (depth 1.52.5 m). Some 200m SE of the harbour is the landing-place (red tower with a column and gallery, red light) used by the car-ferry. A part of the quay (some 45 m) is damaged and cannot be used for landing.

Facilities

• Post office.
• Limited provisions (self-service shop) and water;
• fuel at the petrol station in Biograd.
• Repairs to marine engines can be undertaken.